??? ???? ?? ????????

???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? IsraelDefense ??????? ?????? ??????-??????? 2012.

????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??????, ??? ?????? – ?? ???? ???? ???? ????…

???? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? 

??? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???? ????. ???? ??????? ???? ???????. ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ?“???” ???????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?????, ??????, ??? ??????. ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??????.

????? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ?????. ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ?-Surface Web. ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? Deep Web ??? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????????.

???? ?-Surface Web, ?????? ?? ??? Clearnet, ????? ?? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? Google, Yahoo ?-Bing. ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? crawlers ?? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????. ???? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ????????.

??? ???? ??????, ???? ?-Surface Web ????? ??? ????? ?? ???? Terabytes ?? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ??????. ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? – ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?-Surface Web ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????????.

???? ?-Deep Web, ?????? ?? ????? Invisible Web ?-Hidden Web, ????? ?? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????. ??? ?????? ?????, ???? ?-Deep Web ????? ??? ????? ???? Terabytes ?? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ???????. ?????, ??? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ??-Surface Web ???? ??? ?????? ?? ?-Deep Web ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?-Surface Web.

????? ???? ?? ???? ?-Deep Web ????? – Layer 1 ?-Layer 2.

Deep Web Layer 1 ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?-Deep Web. ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????, ???? ?????. ??? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? Unlisted pages. ?????, ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ??????. ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ?“? ??? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????. ????, ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????. ?? ??? ????? ????? ??-Surface Web ???? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ???? ???, ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ????????? ????? ???????. ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????.

???? ????? ?????? ?? ???? Unlisted ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????. ??????, ????? ???????? ?-YouTube ?????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?????. ????? ??, YouTube ????? ???? ???? ???????, ???? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ????. ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ?????, ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????? ????? Unlisted ?-Deep Web.

???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?-Deep Web Layer 1 ??? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????. ???? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????, ???? ?????????? ????? ?? ??? ????. ????, ??????? ?-Gmail ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????. ????? ??, ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ????????? ????. ????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? Membership ?? ???????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ????, ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????. ?????? ???, ?? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????. ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?-Surface Web ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??-Deep Web.

 ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?-Deep Web. ????, ??? usa.gov ????? ?????? ????? ????? Terabyte ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???????.

????????? ????? ?????? ?-Deep Web Layer 1 ??? ????. ???????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???????, ???? ????? ??????, ????????? ???‘.

 ?????? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ????????, ????? Layer 2 ?? ?-Deep Web. ???? ??, ?????? ?? ??? Anonymous Web, ?? ???? ?????????, ???? ??? ??? ????? ??-Deep Web ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ???????, ??? ?????. ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????????, ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ???????? ?????????, ????? ?? ?????????? ???? ??? ?????. ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?????????. ??? ????? ????, ????? ?? ?? ????????? ???? ??????, ???? ????? ????? ???????. ??? ?????? ?????, ?????? ?????, ??? ??????, ??????, ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????, ??????, ??????? ????? ?????.

???? ?????? ??????? ?-Anonymous web ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ????????, ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??, ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????????, ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ?-Anonymous web.

?? ??? ????? ????? ??, ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????. ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????? ????? ?-TOR. ??? ?-TOR, The Onion Routing ?? ????? ??? ??????, ?????? ??? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???? TOR ???????? ??????? ????? ?????. ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?-TOR ??????? ??? ????? ???? ?-TOR. ??? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?-TOR ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?-TOR ?? ???? ????? ?? ??????, ???? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???????. ????? ??? ??? ?-TOR ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? (????? ?-IP ????) ????? ?? ?“? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?“? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? (???? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????).

??? ???? ??????? ?-Anonymous web ???????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?“? ????? ???? ?-TOR. ?????, ?? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ?-TOR ?? ??? ?????? ?????????. ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ?-Deep Web, ????? ???? ?????? ?????? TOR ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?-TOR.

???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?-Anonymous web ????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?“? ???? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ????????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ?????. ??? ??, ????? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ????????? ???????? ????? ???? BT, GPS, ???????? ?????? ???.

???? ??????? ?-Anonymous web ??????? ?-TOR, ????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???????. ???? ?? ?? ????? ??? ??????, ??? ?????, ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??, ????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?????.

??? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ????? Hidden Wiki ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?????. ??? ????? ?-Hidden Wiki ???? ?????? ???? http://3suaolltfj2xjksb.onion/hiddenwiki/index.php/Main_Page ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????????? ?????.

????, ??? ?-Silk Road ????? ???????? ????? ?-e-bay ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???. ??? ?????, ??? ???? ????? ??? ???? ???. ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ????????? BitCoin ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ????????. ????, ???? ???? ???? ?????? ????? 200 bitcoins ??? ???? 2,400 ???? ???????. ???? ????? ??????, ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????, ???? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?“? ????? ??? ???????.

????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ????????? ???????. ?????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??, ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????.

????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??, ??? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ????, ?? ?”? ??????, ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? (Whistleblowers). ????, ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ????????? ??????? ?“? WikiLeaks, ????? ??? ?-Deep Web ?????? WikiLeaks ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ?-Surface Web. ???? ?????? ??????? ?-WikiLeaks ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????, ???? ?-Anonymous web ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ????.

???? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ????????? ????? ????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ????????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?????. ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ?-surface web ??????? ??? ?????? ????, ?????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?????????? ????? ?? ?? ????????.

???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????. ???? ??? 2011 ??? ????? Operation DarkNet ?“? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????????. ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? Lolita city ??????? ???? ?????????. ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??? 1,500 ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ???????. ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ???????, ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????? ????????, ???? ????, ?????? ??????, ????? ????? ??????? ??–????.

???? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?“? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????. ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ????, ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?“? ????? ??????. ????, ???? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ?-Anonymous Web (????? ????? ???????? ???? ?-20,000$) ?????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?“? ?-FBI ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ????.

???? ????????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????? ??????, ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????. ??? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ???????. ????, ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?-Deep Web ?????????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????????, ?????? ???????, ???? ???? ??? ????? ????????????? ??? ??????? ?-Surface web ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????????. ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ?????, ??? ?????????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??????. ???? ??????, ???? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?-Deep Web ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ????????. ?? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?-Cyber Warfare ?? ?-Anonymous Web, ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ????????? ?? ?-Surface web ??? ???? ????? ????? ?? Botnets ?????? ?????? ?-Anonymous web. ?????? ???, ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?????.